Fetal Center


Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS) refers to the abnormal development of the left-sided
cardiac structures, resulting in obstruction to blood flow from the left ventricular outflow tract. In
addition, the syndrome includes underdevelopment of the left ventricle, aorta, and aortic arch, as
well as mitral atresia or stenosis…………….>


Cantrell’s pentalogy

Pentalogy of Cantrell is a rare congenital malformation
characterized by midline defects, resulting from
defective development in the septum transversum. The
constellation of findings includes deficiency of the
diaphragmatic pericardium, lower sternum, anterior
diaphragm, supraumbilical abdominal wall often
allowing an omphalocele as well as an intrapericardial
diaphragmatic hernia, and a cardiac lesion, most often
a ventricular septal defect. In severe cases, the
heart herniates through the diaphragmatic defect,
causing thoracoabdominal ectopia cordis. Other
associated congenital cardiac lesions may include an
atrial septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, tetralogy
of Fallot, dextrocardia, anomalous pulmonary venous
connection, tricuspid atresia, and truncus arteriosus.


Fibroelastosi Endomiocardica nel feto

La Fibroelastosi Endomiocardica (FEE) sia congenita che acquisita e’ una malattia dell’endocardio
rara e scarsamente compresa etiopatogenicamente e che progressivamente porta a scompenso cardiaco e morte fetale o postnatale.
Le caratteristiche istopatologiche della FEE sono la deposizione di collagene ed elastina nell’endocardio,
l’ipertrofia ventricolare e l’ispessimento dell’endocardio.